DEFINITIONS
Hypophosphatemia (low phosphate levels in the blood) is a condition where the concentration of phosphate in the blood is less than 2.5 mgr / dL of blood.
CAUSE
Hipofosfatemia chronic occurred in:
- Hyperparathyroidism
- Hypothyroidism (a thyroid gland is less active)
- Poor kidney function
- The use of diuretics in a long time.
Toxic doses of theophylline may reduce the amount of phosphate in the body.
Consuming large amounts of aluminum hydroxide antacids for a long time, also can reduce the phosphate in the body, especially in patients who undergo kidney dialysis.
Phosphate reserves also will be reduced to:
- Severe malnutrition
- Diabetic ketoacidosis
- Heavy alcohol poisoning
- Great burns.
SYMPTOMS
Symptoms will appear only if the blood phosphate concentration is very low.
At first the patient will experience muscular weakness.
Next bones become brittle, resulting in bone pain and fractures (broken bones).
At concentrations of very very low (less than 1.5 mgr / dL of blood) can have serious consequences, causing muscle weakness that gets worse, stupor (decreased consciousness), coma and death.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis based on blood tests and symptoms.
TREATMENT
Treatment is determined by weight and cause symptoms.
A person without symptoms can consume phosphate in the form of solution that can be drunk, but this way can cause diarrhea.
1 liter of skim milk or low-fat milk contains large amounts of phosphate and generally easier to consume.
Intravenous phosphate can be given if hipofosfatemia very heavy or if the phosphate can not be taken by mouth (swallowed).
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